The differences between gauge pressure sensors, differential pressure sensors, and absolute pressure sensors
2023-11-29
| A pressure sensor is a device that can detect the presence of pressure and convert it into an electrical signal or another desired form of signal according to a specific rule. Depending on the type of pressure measurement, pressure sensors can be classified into gauge pressure sensors, differential pressure sensors, and absolute pressure sensors. What are their main differences?
1. Gauge Pressure Sensor Surface pressure sensors measure relative pressure—that is, the pressure value relative to atmospheric pressure. They typically employ a reference chamber connected to the atmosphere and use a pressure sensor connected to the measurement chamber to detect the pressure difference. Surface pressure sensors are widely used in fields such as industrial automation, fluid control, and liquid-level measurement. For example, automotive tire pressure sensors are a type of surface pressure sensor.
II. Differential Pressure Sensor A differential pressure sensor measures the pressure difference between two measurement chambers. Typically, it consists of two chambers connected to the medium being measured; by detecting the pressure difference between these chambers, the sensor determines the pressure level. Differential pressure sensors are widely used in fields such as flow measurement, liquid-level measurement, and gas analysis. For example, in HVAC systems, differential pressure sensors are commonly employed to monitor the degree of clogging in air filters, enabling timely replacement.
3. Absolute Pressure Sensor Absolute pressure sensors measure the pressure relative to a vacuum—that is, absolute pressure. They typically employ a reference chamber connected to a vacuum and use a pressure sensor connected to the measurement chamber to determine the pressure. Absolute pressure sensors are widely used in applications such as atmospheric pressure measurement, high-altitude meteorological observations, and weather forecasting. For example, an altimeter is a common type of absolute pressure sensor.
The differences between gauge pressure sensors, differential pressure sensors, and absolute pressure sensors can be analyzed from the following aspects: 1. Measurement objects: A gauge pressure sensor is used to measure pressure relative to atmospheric pressure, also known as overpressure or process pressure. A differential pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure difference between two different locations, also referred to as differential pressure. An absolute pressure sensor is used to measure pressure relative to a vacuum, also known as vacuum pressure.
2. Measurement Principle: The surface pressure sensor uses an absolute pressure sensor and an atmospheric pressure sensor for measurement. It calculates the surface pressure by determining the difference between the absolute pressure and the atmospheric pressure. A differential pressure sensor employs two pressure sensors to measure the pressure difference between two distinct locations. An absolute pressure sensor, on the other hand, uses an absolute pressure sensor for measurement and obtains the absolute pressure by subtracting the atmospheric pressure from the measured value.
3. Measurement range: Gauge pressure sensors typically have a wide measurement range and can measure both high and low pressures. Differential pressure sensors are usually used for smaller differential pressure ranges. Absolute pressure sensors are typically used to measure smaller absolute pressure ranges.
4. Output Signals: Pressure sensors—including gauge pressure sensors, differential pressure sensors, and absolute pressure sensors—offer a wide variety of output signal types, such as analog voltage signals, analog current signals, and digital signals. The specific type of output signal depends on the sensor’s design and application requirements. |
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